Piston for internal combustion engines



Patented Nov. 29, 1932 UNIT-ED STATES-PATENT OFFICE LAVERN A. SEGEB, OI GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, A SBIGNOB 01' ONE-EAL! 1'0 FREDERICK w. KRAMER, OI GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN Application filed Kay 4, 1881. Serial No. 584,911.

The object of this invention is an improvement in the construction and design of a piston which will dispense with the use of s ecially constructed oil control rings now wi ely used for controlling the surplus oil in internal combustion engmes.

By this construction it is possible to have all ring grooves in the piston of uniform width or of any width now in use. It is not necessary to have the lower ring groove wider than the upper grooves to accommodate a specially constructed oil control ring. Ad-

ditioual benefits accruing from this construction are lower first cost, lower maintenance cost, better control of surplus oil, and less liability of clogging the rings. A cooler running piston head'results, due to the more complete ventilation of the lower rin land.

Objects ertainin to details Wlll definitely appear rom the escription to follow.

A. preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a detail view of the piston partially in section on a line corresponding to line 11 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a detail transverse sectional view through the piston with the rings removed, taken on line 22 of Fig. 1, showing the oil drainage means.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 4, the section correspondin to the section of Fig. 1.

ig. 4 is an enlarged detail elevation vie of a portion of the cylinder corresponding to that illustrated in Fi 3.

The parts will be identified by their numerals of reference which are the same in all the views.

1 is the broken section of an engine cylinder. 2 is the piston, 21 is the skirt of the piston, 22 are the ring grooves, 23 is the lower land, 24, 24 are the intermediate lands, and 25 is the top land of the piston between the piston grooves.

adjacent and 3, 3 are the usual construction of piston rin four rings being illustrated in this be hali The number may be varied, but four are preferred. The land 23 is specially formed by having milled in its lower surfaces curved notches 231 which notches extend to and cut into the'bottom of the rin oove and across the bottom thereof to a s ig t extent, as indicated in Fig. 2. Centrally of each curved notch 231 a radial hole 232 leads into the hollow piston for the passage of oil. These are what I call by-pass opemngs.

The skirt 21 has the usual fit with the interior of the cylinder. Inasmuch as all piston lands are relieved-thereby being small- 50 er in diameter than the remainder of the pistonin order to take care of the ex ansion of the heat, I form in the piston land tween the two lower rings a compensating reservoir extending around the iston for the collection of surplus oil. T is surplus oil is collected in the notches 231 and is discharged within the hollow of the iston throu h the a rtures 232, thereby avolding the disc arge o the surplus oil into the combustion cham- 7 her of the motor.

My improved by-pass sible the better contro of surplus oil through the channel formed around the lower ring land, by simpl relieving the same. The checked byassesibrmed directly below the lower ring and and above the lower ring groove connecting with the same, the lower ring forms the check and acts as a scraper. The second ring acts both as scraper and compression. What is meant by c eck is that oil that passes over the lower ring and through the by-passes finds its way back of the lower ring and cannot return to the cylinder wall.

The lower ring is not a compression ring because of the by-passes. This ring acts as a scraper, check and deflector. What is meant by deflector is that pressure or blowy that occurs is checked by the mug, 9o

piston makes posgroove, the said thus preventing oil being blown off the skirt of the piston. At the same time deflecting this blow-by through the by-passes greatly assists in returning surplus oil to the original source of supply.

As complicated as this may seem, it really is simple. There is a series of slots at regular intervals around the lower edge of the lower ring land cutting into and across the lower ring grooves with drilled holes throu h the piston wall. This feature secures all he advantages of the very best oil rings now in use, such as the continuous groove for collection and distribution of oil to the returns, without any of the disadvanta es found in oil rings, such as breakage, c ogging, etc. This feature in itself prevents clogglng. The difliculties of oil piston rings are avoided.

By this means it will be observed that ordinary piston rings are used, these being far more economical than any specially designed oil control rings. The drainage passages for the oil are not subjected to wear and will last indefinitely. These passages can be made of a size to control any oil condition in any type of internal combustion engine.

' T have illustrated the same proportioned for average conditions. The structure I have illustrated with the milled slots accomplishes the drainage without materially lessening the strength of the piston and are very readily formed by a milling tool. Other forms might be made use of. but the advantages of the particular form are apparent.

I desire to claim the invention specifically as illustrated and also broadly aspointed out in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A piston having the usual skirt and ring grooves with lands therebetween, the land next succeeding the skirt being formed with notches facing the s 'rt and extending to the bottom and across the bottom of the ring groove, the said groove being provided with perforations at the bottom of the notches for the by-pass and delivery of the lubricating oil into the body of the piston.

2. A piston having the usual skirt and ring grooves with lands therebetween, the land next succeeding the skirt being formed with notches facing the skirt and extending to the bottom of the ring groove, the said groove being provided with perforations at the bottom for the by-pass and delivery of the lubrieating oil into the body of the piston.

3. A piston having the usual skirt and ring grooves with lands therebetween, the land next to the oil-ring groove being formed with notches facing the skirt and extending to the bottom and across the bottom of the ring oove bein rovided with perforations at't e bottom 0 t e notches for the by-pass and delivery of the lubricating oil into the body of the piston.

4. A piston having the usual skirt and ring grooves with lands therebetween, the land next to the oil ring groove being formed with notches facing the skirt and extending to the bottom of the ring groove, the said groove bein provided with perforations at the bottom or the by-pass and delivery of the lubricating oil into the body of the piston.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LAVERN A. SEGER. 

